There are many types of wine in the world, and each one naturally has a different taste and appearance.
I want to learn more about wine! For those who think this, it is very important to learn about the types of wine.
However, some people may think that there are so many that they might not be able to remember them.
It is true that there are many types of wine, and remembering them can be a difficult task.
However, wine is actually divided into four types depending on the manufacturing method.
Therefore, if you first memorize these four types, your understanding of wine will go smoothly.
In this article, we will thoroughly explain the characteristics of these four types.
What is the difference between red wine and white wine?
Above, we introduced that ``wine is roughly divided into four types depending on the manufacturing method.''
However, when most people hear the word "types of wine," they probably think of two types: red wine and white wine.
One of these differences is of course their color, but there are other differences as well. Before introducing the four types of wine, I would like to first introduce the differences between red wine and white wine.
Difference in manufacturing method
The first thing I would like to introduce is the difference in manufacturing methods.
Red wine is made by fermenting the entire fruit pulp, juice, grape skins, and seeds during alcoholic fermentation.
It is also fermented at a slightly high temperature of 25℃ to 30℃.
In white wine, on the other hand, during alcoholic fermentation, the skins are removed and only the squeezed juice is fermented.
Fermentation is carried out at a low temperature of 15℃ to 20℃.
The differences between these manufacturing methods can be summarized as follows.
for red wine
Fermented materials: fruit pulp, fruit juice, grape skins and seeds
Fermentation temperature: 25℃~30℃
For white wine
What to ferment: fruit juice only
Fermentation temperature: 15°C to 20°C As you can see, there are differences between red wine and white wine depending on the manufacturing method.
Differences in grape varieties
Next, we will introduce ``differences in grape varieties.''
The grapes used for red wine are Cabernet, Pinot Noir, Merlot, and Syrah.
These are all varieties called black grapes.
Due to the ingredients contained in the skins, the color of the wine turns red when fermented.
On the other hand, white wine uses the following grape varieties: Chardonnay, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, and Riesling.
These are all varieties called white grapes.
Just as the grapes look like, the wine becomes white when fermented.
This difference in the varieties used is reflected in the difference in appearance between red wine and white wine.
Wine can be divided into 4 types! Introducing the characteristics of each
Above we introduced the differences between red wine and white wine.
Let's take a look at the four types of wine below.
still wine
The first thing we will introduce is "Still Wine."
Still wine refers to non-sparkling wine without bubbles.
Still means "quiet," and the name comes from the fact that "no bubbles" = "quiet."
When we think of wine, we often refer to this type.
The alcohol content is generally between 9% and 14%.
Let's take a look at some of the types of wine that are classified as still wines.
red wine
It is one of the most well-known wines.
As explained above, red wine is made by fermenting whole grapes, but the color becomes red due to a component called "anthocyanin" contained in the skins.
In addition, the tannins contained in the skin and seeds give red wine its unique astringent taste.
White wine
This wine is as well known as red wine.
As explained above, white wine is made by fermenting only fruit juice.
Therefore, it does not contain tannins and has a refreshing taste.
rosé wine
This wine has a distinctive pink appearance.
There are several brewing methods, such as fermenting whole grapes and extracting only the juice halfway through, like red wine, and fermenting black grapes like white wine.
Therefore, depending on the brewing method, you can enjoy a variety of flavors, such as astringent like red wine or refreshing like white wine.
sparkling wine
The next thing we'd like to introduce is "sparkling wine."
In contrast to still wine, sparkling wine is an effervescent wine with bubbles.
It is characterized by its fluffy texture, making it a refreshing drink.
Let's take a look at the types of wine that are classified as sparkling wines.
Champagne
This wine is a typical example of sparkling wine.
Refers to wine produced in the Champagne region of France.
However, in order to be sold as champagne, in addition to being brewed in champagne, it must pass very strict quality standards such as ``11% alcohol content'' and ``brewed using the champagne method.''
Clemant
Wines produced in regions other than Champagne in France.
The name varies depending on the region in which it is brewed; for example, if it is made in the Loire region, it will be called "Crémant de Loire."
Compared to Champagne, the gas pressure is slightly lower, allowing you to enjoy fine bubbles.
kava
This wine is produced mainly in the Catalonia region of Spain.
This wine is made using the same method as champagne and is of very high quality.
However, the price is more reasonable than champagne, and it is popular as an authentic sparkling wine that can be enjoyed casually.
Fortified wine
The next product we would like to introduce is "Fortified Wine."
This is a type of wine in which brandy or distilled spirits are added during the brewing process to increase the alcohol content of the wine.
Fortified means "strengthened" and the name comes from the fact that the alcohol content is strengthened by the above method.
For this reason, it is sometimes called "fortified wine."
Let's take a look at the types of wine that are classified as fortified wines.
Madeira
This wine is mainly produced in Portugal.
It is fortified with 96% alcohol grape spirit.
The wine is then aged in barrels for at least three years while being heated, resulting in a wine with a unique flavor.
sherry
This wine is produced in Andalusia, Spain.
Made from white grapes.
Although it is a very well-known fortified wine, only those brewed in Andalusia can be named Sherry.
marsala
This wine is produced on the Italian island of Sicily.
White wine is often used as the raw material, and after adding brandy or distilled spirits, it is aged in oak barrels. This wine is also known for being often used in tiramisu.
flavored wine
The last thing we would like to introduce is "flavored wine."
This refers to wine that has added characteristic aromas and flavors to the still wine explained above.
Some of the wines are fruity and refreshing, making them easy to drink even for people who don't like alcohol.
Now, we will introduce the types of wine that are classified as flavored wines.
sangria
A wine made with pickled oranges, apples, etc.
It began to be drunk in Spain and Portugal from the beginning of the 19th century.
It is widely popular because it can be made as either red or white wine and is extremely drinkable.
vermouth
A wine made by adding aromatic herbs such as herbs and spices to white wine.
It is widely produced all over the world, with those originating from Italy being more sweet, and those originating from France being more dry.
It might be interesting to collect drinks from each region and compare them.
Leccina
This wine has a unique flavor due to the addition of pine resin.
It is a wine that originates from Greece and has the oldest history, dating back to around 2000 BC.
It is said that reccina was created when pine tar, which was used as an adhesive, accidentally got into a vase where wine was being stored.
summary
Above, we introduced four types of wine that differ depending on the differences between red wine and white wine and the manufacturing method.
There are many wine names that are unfamiliar to the ears, and many people may have the impression that they are difficult.
However, if you know what manufacturing method this wine is classified under, it will be easier to imagine what kind of taste it will have and what kind of drinking experience it will have.
Therefore, if you think there are too many types of wine to remember, we recommend that you first memorize the four types introduced in this article: still wine, sparkling wine, fortified wine, and flavored wine. .
